2.c) Newton’s Third Law or Law of Action and Reaction

According to Wikipedia, Newton’s Third Law explains that for each force that acts upon a body there is equal force but in the opposite direction upon the body that produced the force.

If Newton’s Second Law is considered the Fundamental Law of Dynamics because it establishes the concept of force as the magnitude that associates mass with movement, the Law of Action and Reaction has more technical or instrumental nature.

Newton's Apple 

In fact, Newton’s Third Law, or principle of action and reaction, reminds me of Luca Pacioli’s double-entry accounting system outlined in his book, Tractatus particularis de computis et scripturis (1494), and he is considered the grandfather of modern accounting. One technique as well as another uses pairs of equal amounts that facilitate the numerical calculation, which is not particularly complex but it is rather extensive.

Moreover, the double-entry accounting system and Newton’s Third Law have the same deficiencies in that they place concept clarity below the practical advantages.

To briefly mention a few, the double-entry system ends up placing concepts in the assets’ side of the balance sheet of companies that are very different such as buildings, computer programs, patents or cash. Another odd technique is to end up entering construction of both a factory and a sports center in the books as investments in public accounting.

A figurative example of Newton's Third Law would be to say that if a person gives an apple to another, the latter returns a negative apple and the total sum remains unchanged and, in the end, the number of apples each person has inevitably corresponds to observable reality.

Therefore, it cannot be argued that the Law of Action and Reaction is not true and useful. Nonetheless, I still have never seen nor have I been able to imagine a negative apple. Negative objects do not exist in my world. Likewise, it could be said that negative forces do not exist, except those that have conventional or purely mathematical nature.

This instrumental characteristic of the forces of action and reaction in Newton's Third Law present two problems that may end being important:

• By becoming so transfixed on such elementary concepts, the human brain can eventually end up thinking about the physical existence of pairs of forces of action and reaction that this law refers to. And, even worse, by extension end up thinking about the existence of negative energies and even negative masses.

  Not to mention if the orthodox doctrine of official physics also negatively defines potential energy and calls certain types of mass antimatter.

• In models with numerous forces at play, the forces that are real or imply physics mechanisms and those that are conventional are not very well distinguished.

We cannot forget that magnitudes such as velocity, force or energy are merely properties of the reticular structure of gravity (globine) in their different forms or physical states. As a result, in all of the cases of real forces, what is being produced is a transfer of energy, or modification of the elastic properties of globine.

Another big problem with Newton's Third Law, or Law of Action and Reaction, is the need to create fictitious forces independent from the purely mathematical forces previously mentioned.  

The very same Newton was aware of these problems but he recognized that science was not developed enough to delve into physics concepts that, according to him, were still a mystery. In other words, Newton pointed out that he did not like distant forces that were characteristic in his Law of Universal Gravitation.

In any case, I feel obligated to make it explicit that I am grateful to Newton for his Law of Action and Reaction and for his position on finding explanations for physics nature using common sense to gravitational forces, for having helped me discover that I was not alone in a world where almost no one knows nor gives answers; and the rest, either they stretch out time, creates new and vibrant dimensions, or they feed off of negative apples or come and go to other worlds or parallel universes.

From another perspective, Newton's Third Law represents something similar to the Principle of Global Conservation, which gives us the idea that energy is not created or destroyed, but rather changes from one form to another.

From a scientific point of view, there cannot be an exchange between what is real or physical and what is imaginary or abstract, despite how one can end up confusing one concept with another. Likewise, the objective world does not end when a person dies. Nor do I believe that that person's spiritual world ends, but that is more of a Love philosophy than Physics science.

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