I. SCIENCE AND EVOLUTION

I.1. Philosophy of evolution

The advance of science is marked throughout history by major revolutions produced primarily by the discovery or explanation of natural events, the formulation of theories, and the development of new technologies.

Normally these great leaps of science evolution are associated with names such as Aristotle, Pythagoras, Galileo, Newton, etc., but it is important to recognize that, with no disrespect to these geniuses of mankind, their discoveries or theories were also the product of the culture and scientific environment of their times.

Likewise, we cannot forget the influence that philosophic tendencies and religions of different civilizations have had and still have on science evolution; on the other hand, many people think that each step taken by science brings human beings closer to such philosophic-religious ideas.

Perception, intuition, and logic are the three means used by humans in order to increase their dominion over nature. As we will see, the commonly named scientific method has three main variants based on these three instruments.

In this sense, perception and logic are concepts on two extreme ends of the scale while intuition would be in the middle; the latter allowing the formulation of theories that, in some cases, would surpass those which were developed through logic and perception, or a combination of both. To a certain extent, every theory is a combination of the three.

The objective of this online book is to present the General Theory of the Conditional Evolution of Life, the product of concerns that we all have to a greater or lesser extent about the fundamental concepts of life and its evolution. Throughout the last few years a set of ideas have started forming that were rather vague and disconnected, yet had a deep meaning and, in some cases, were more poetic than scientific.

I have attempted to avoid at all times the use of strictly scientific terms in order to facilitate comprehension without diminishing the precision of the vocabulary used.

Undoubtedly, the area of focus has been so large and varied; ranging from elementary particles and energy, to the genetic evolution, sexual differentiation, the human brain, and complex systems that conceptually behave as if they were living beings; that some of the ideas will unavoidably be erroneous or incorrect, and many others already known.

Overall, as small as creativity may be, it needs to take certain risks in order to assert itself.  In any case, all of the ideas represent at least an element of consideration in the long road of scientific knowledge.

The evolutionary theory GTCEL (General Theory of Conditional Evolution of Life) discusses on the one hand, the cause of changes in genetic information (DNA) and, on the other hand, the form in which these genetics changes are transmitted to descendants. Its proposals are closer to the theories of Lamarck and Mendel than to the evolutionary theory of Darwin.

The new fundamental development in evolutionary genetics is the idea of the evolution as an internal mechanism of improvement of living beings, that transmits information to descendants and that, given the complexity of the aspects involved, use many systems, methods or procedures depending on each case based on its particular conditions.

This modern theory of evolution outcomes an assembly of implications that represent, in my point of view, revolutionary scientific aspects.

In particular, a direct development of the Global Theory of the Conditional Evolution of Life (GTCEL) has been the Global Cognitive Theory; both theories address the central theme of intelligence, its mechanisms, origin, and evolution from various perspectives.

Likewise, this theory of evolution presents numerous lines of investigation, development, and further exploration of a wide subject matter in light of the innovative approaches it contributes.

The section of related links includes the four online books of the Global Cognitive Theory:

• The brain and modern computers
• Intelligence, intuition and creativity
• Memory, language and other brain abilities
• The will, decision making process and artificial intelligence

Another related link refers to the online book of the General Theory of the Conditional Evolution of Life.

There is also a link to the on-line book of the Global Scientific Method and the philosophy of science. It includes the design of new scientific methods and the classification of the stages and steps of the scientific method; understanding the scientific method in the broad sense as the application of logic to the generation of common knowledge with a high level of reliability.

The scientific method works fine in general, but it works much better in its developmental phase than in its phase of general acceptance. All types of social interests affect the last phase, from the realm of sociology as in the case of Darwin’s theory, to the technician nature as in the case of the Theory of Relativity.

The last item of the related links is The EDI Study about Evolution and Design of Intelligence, a complete statistical survey on the heritability of intelligence performed on the fieldwork database of the Young Adulthood Study, 1939-1967

This statistical study is an empirical research about some considerations of the Global Cognitive Theory related with the brain and evolution, in particular the definition of intelligence.

The results of the statistical survey The EDI Study regarding an elegant intelligence show some important considerations:

• The hereditary nature of relational intelligence is confirmed.

• The genetic information with less intellectual potential is the significant one, as the GTCEL states regarding the concept of conditional intelligence.

• Likewise, it seems that the main functions of intelligence, or those evolving faster, are fairly concentrated in only one chromosome.

• The most innovative element of this work on cognitive psychology is undoubtedly the section relating to simulation. This section contains the explanation of how the artificial intelligence quotient vectors are generated by using the previsions of the new theory of evolution; they practically behave like the variables that were actually observed, in despite of the intrinsic complexity involved.

• As if that were not enough, with the due caution this subject deserves, the existence of a finalistic or teleological evolution is scientifically proven to agree with that indicated by the General Theory of Conditional Evolution of Life.

Given that the current results in this book suggest a fairly radical change from the common opinions held by the majority of the scientific community and society, the logical deduction is that more extensive studies on cognitive psychology using the same methodology need to be performed.

An example of further exploration of this study is found in the section that has been added subsequently, which is related to partner choice and intelligence. In this section a hypothesis regarding a concrete requisite of the acceptable limit of the difference in intelligence when forming a couple, is confirmed and simultaneously reinforces the model's overall coherence. In fact, the requirement refers to the unconscious choice of an unknown intelligence for current cognitive psychology.